Artemio Payá Romá holds a degree in Medicine and Surgery from the University of Alicante (1991) and is a Board-Certified Specialist in Anatomical Pathology, having completed his residency training at Hospital Universitario La Fe in Valencia (1993–1997). He earned his PhD in Medicine from the Universidad Miguel Hernández with the highest distinction (Summa Cum Laude, unanimous) and was awarded the Extraordinary Doctoral Prize for a thesis focused on the clinical, pathological, and molecular characterisation of colorectal carcinoma with DNA mismatch repair deficiency.

Since 1998, he has served as a Senior Consultant Pathologist at Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis in Alicante, where he carries out his clinical, research, and teaching activities, including the training and supervision of pathology residents and active participation in multidisciplinary tumour boards. He is an Associate Professor in the Department of Biotechnology at the University of Alicante, where he teaches Anatomical Pathology and Organography.

His research focuses on the molecular pathology of colorectal cancer, Lynch syndrome, and microsatellite instability. He has served as Principal Investigator on multiple projects funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and ISABIAL, and collaborates as a researcher in numerous clinical trials. He has authored over 50 publications in high-impact international journals, including JAMA, Gastroenterology, Gut, Journal of Clinical Oncology, and Clinical Cancer Research, accumulating over 3,000 citations. He regularly contributes as an invited speaker and presenter at national and international pathology conferences.

His distinctions include the Best Doctoral Thesis Award from the Official College of Physicians of Alicante (2009) and the Recognition for Professional Career in Biomedical Research granted by the Valencian Regional Government. He is a Full Member of the Spanish Society of Anatomical Pathology (SEAP-IAP).